Henry rawson



UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

HENRY RAXVSON, OF LEICESTER, ENGLAND.

MACHINE FOR COMBING WOOL.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 32,784, dated July 9, 1861.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY RAwsoN, of Leicester, England, manufacturer, asubject of the Queen of Great Britain, have invented or discovered newand useful improvements in Machinery for Combing 7001 and other Fibers;and l, the said HENRY RAW- soN, do hereby declare the nature of the saidinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed to beparticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statementthereof.

This invention consists in a peculiar mechanism for combing wool andother brous matters and consists essentially as follows: First, of acircular or other form of endless traveling comb from which the wool orother fibrous substance is drawn off in the form of a continuous sliveror slivers by drawing` rollers or other drawing apparatus such as hasheretofore been used for like purposes the noil contained in the wool orother fibrous materials when fed into the machine being left in thetraveling comb and a reciprocating comb which moves to and from theendless comb together with a comb or suitable apparatus for advancingthe wool or other fibrous substance beyond the reciprocating comb sothat the protruding combed out fringe of the wool or other fiber maywhen the reciprocating comb comes up to and is in contact with theendless comb be pressed in among the teeth of the endless traveling combin such manner that when the reciprocating comb goes away from theendless comb a quantity of wool or other fiber will be left in theendless traveling comb the ends of which fibers will be combed out.Second, in a combination of certain lifter bars or plates with two ofthe said combs in manner and to operate substantially as hereinafterdescribed.

Figure 1 is a plan of the machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevatiomand Fig. 3a longitudinal section.

a a is a circular traveling comb, or in place thereof any other form oftraveling comb may be used. This comb a, a, is caused to receivearotating motion in the following manner-b is the main or driving shaftwhich has on it a fast and a loose pulley or drum and receives motion bya strap from a steam engine or other suitable first mover. On the shaft.Z), is a beveled pinion c, which takes into and gives motion to thewheel cl, ixed on the upright axis c. This axis e,

gives motion by a cog wheel f, fixed thereon to a cog wheel g fixed onthe short axis g, which by another cog wheel g2 gives motion to the cogwheel g3, fixed on the short upright axis gf, on which there is a piniong5, which takes into the teeth on the interior of the circular orendless comb a and thus is a continuous rotatory motion communicated tothat comb. l

In the arrangement shown the wool or other fibrous materials are drawnoff by three sets of drawing rollers of ordinary kinds but this may bevaried. The longer fibers are drawn off in a continuous sliver by thehorizontal rollers 7L, it, which receive rotatory motion from theupright axis c, on which is xed a beveled pinion t, which takes into anddrives the wheel h2 on the axis of the lower roller which at its otherend by al cog wheel 7b3 gives motion to an intermediate wheel L4, whichgives motion to a set of two pressing rollers situated as shown at h5,they being geared together by the wheels la into one of which the wheelIt* gears. See Fig. 2. The sliver from the rollers 72, It (which are setto an inclination or tangent to the circumference of the circular comba, 64,) passes through a fixed bell mouthed tube c' before it isreceived between the rollers h5. The next sliver is drawn off by the twoupright drawing rollers y', y' which 'are interior of the comb a. Theaxis of one of the rollers jreceives motion from the upright shaft oraxis e on which there is a cog wheel j', which takes into and drives theintermediate cog wheel y'2, which takes into and drives the cog wheel jon the axis of one of the drawing rollers j, and the third sliver isdrawn off by the two upright rollers 7c, 7c, which are outside of thecircular comb a, and these rollers are put in motion by the cog wheel onthe short upright axis which gives motion to the comb a, which takesinto and drives the cog wheel f fixed -on the axis of one of the drawingrollers la.

I would state that I malte no claim to the invention of the circularcomb a and its several sets of drawing rollers as described theyconstituting a combination very similar to what has before been used,but in such cases they have been combined with other means than thoseshown by the drawing and hereafter described for getting the wool orother fibers into the comb a in a state to be drawn olil in slivers.

The drawing partly shows other details llO of the mechanism used withthe comb a for the purpose of conducting or inclining the fringes offibers projecting outwardly and inwardly from the comb a toward thedrawing off rollers and for conducting off the slivers from the drawingrollers but these details are of the ordinary kind and are Vpartly leftout in order to prevent confusion in the drawing and that other partsmay be seen more clearly. The drawing does not show how the noil isremoved out of the 4teeth of the comb after it has passed the drawingoff rollers Ze but the ordinary means may be employed.

l will now proceed to describe the combined mechanism by which the woolor other fibrous substance is fed into the machine and by which it isintroduced into the circular traveling comb t or by which it may besimilarly introduced into other forms of traveling combs.

On, the main or driving shaft there is a pulley Z which by an endlessband Z gives motion to the shaft or axis Z2 by means of the pulley Z3fixed thereon. @n the axis or shaft Z2 there is a toothed wheel whichtakes into and drives the cog wheel Z* on the axis Z5, which by twocranks give motion to the sliding table m by the two connecting rods mm', such sliding table m being guided by fixed rails fm2 m2 on which thetable m moves to and fro. The table carries the fixed comb a, which Ihave called the reciprocating comb, it simply being caused to move up toand away from the traveling comb a. In the arrangement shown the teethof the comb e are set in concentric curves with those in the comb a butif anotherv form of traveling comb a were used and it presented straightrows of teeth to the comb e then.

the rows of teeth of the comb e would be fixed in straight parallel rowsbut whatever be the shape of the combs a and a their manner of action isrespectively to remain substantially the same-that is the comb a is tobe moved past the comb .a and the comb e is to be moved up to and awayfrom the comb a and in such manner that when they come together the woolor other librousma- Aterial which immediately before the coming togetherof the two combs a and e has been out from among the teeth of the combse and a shall be introduced among the teeth of those combs when they aretogether and when they are for a time as if they were one comb. y

The slivers of wool or other fibrous ma terial requiring to be combedare introduced through holes in the plate a, they then pass between thegrooved rollers 0, 0, which receive motion from the shaft or axis Z5 bymeans of the train of wheels 0, 02, o, 04, and 05, the cog wheel 05being fixed to the axis of one of the grooved rollers o. The slivers ofwool or of other fibrous material. rest on the axis p between the twoprojections or guides p fixed thereto, such axis Q9 being situatedbetween the rollers 0 and the comb e and it is carried by the movingtable of the comb e. On the axis p there is an arm p the lower end ofwhich is constantly drawn by a spring toward the rear of the machine andis stopped from coming too far by the fixed projection or stop Q93. Onthe axis y) there are also two arms p4 p4 the upper ends of which haveslotted openings through them to receive the projecting pins Q95 Qr" ofthe sliding bolts Q of the comb Q the sliding bolts Q sliding in socketsQ2 at the upper parts of the uprights Q3 fixed to the table whichcarries the comb e. By these means the comb Q has a to and fro motioncommunicated to it independent of the motion of the table though partlycaused by the movement of that table to and from the comb a, foralthough the comb Q is carried to and fro by the movement of the slidingtable the comb Q is caused to move toward the front of the machinefaster than the sliding table Y and the comb Q is also caused to movefaster than the sliding table as they both go toward the comb a. Theobject of these movements in respect to the comb Q is that the comb mayadvance the wool or other fibrous material toward the comb a during thetime that those materials are out from among the teeth of the comb e insuch manner that the cleaned or combed out ends of the slivers mayproject beyond the teeth of the comb a while the noil contained in theparts of the fibers where they were previously among the teeth of thecomb .e are brought over the teeth of the comb t so that when presseddown among the teeth of the comb a the noil will be among the teeth ofthe comb a.

Between the rows of teeth of the comb a there are plates or bars r r,and above these plates or bars r there is a brush s. rThe object ofthese arrangements is that the plates or bars should raise the wool orother fibrous materials out from among the teeth of the comb e andsupport such fibers while the plates or bars r and the comb Q go towardthe comb a and allow of the comb Q, advancing the fibers while they areresting on the bars or plates r.

I would state it is not new to arrange combs with plates or bars betweenthe rows of teeth in such manner that the fibers may be lifted out fromamong the teeth of the comb or the teeth of the comb may go away fromamong the fibers while they are supported by the bars or plates, variousarrangements of such bars or plates and combs having been before used. Ido not therefore claim the same.

The bars or plates r, and the brush s are caused to move up and down atthe same time by their being carried by two upright slides s', whichmove between guides s2. The

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upright slides s have horizontal bars s fixed to them at their lowerends and these bars constantly rest on the cams 84 on the axis s", whichreceives motion as hereafter described by which means the bars or plates7 and the brush s are caused to ascend after the comb z may haveattained its rearmost position and may be moving toward the comb a. Bymeans of the plates 71,11, the fibers will be lifted out of the comb zin order that they may be moved by the comb g, which moves faster thanthe comb z. The brush s and plates or bars 7^ descend when the brush tdescends the same being in order that the wool or other fibrous materialmay be pressed into the teeth of the combs a and z immediately beforethe comb 2 moves away from the comb a.

The cam shaft or axis 85 and the brush t receive motion in thefollowing` manner: On the shaft or axis Z2 there is a cog wheel tx whichtakes into and drives the intermediate wheel which gives motion to thecog wheel on the axis and on that axis is a cog wheel t2 which takesinto and drives the intermediate wheel t3 which takes into and drivesthe wheel t* on the axis of the cam t5, which gives motion to the arm ton the axis t?, and the axis 7 by an arm t8 and connecting` rod t givesmotion to the brush t which is mounted on a lever as shown.

c is a bent blade which descends on to and presses the fibers downwardwhich are being combed out between the combs a and z such blade v beingcaused to descend to such an extent as to insure that there shall be nofiber held by the comb c and the comb a, at the time the comb z beginsto approach toward the comb a this bent blade is actuated from the camshaft by means of the cog wheel fu. on the axis Q22 taking into andbeing driven by a cog wheel if on the cam axis. The bent blade fu isconnected to two crank arms on the axis o2 by two connect-ing rods vt.

Having thus described the nature of the invention and the manner ofperforming the same, I would have it understood that l make no claim toany of the mechanical arts. or instruments separately. But

What I claim isl. The combining a comb e worked as herein described witha comb a. and a comb g substantially as herein described.

2. The combining of a comb g with a comb e and bars or plates 1,substantially as herein described.

Leicester, 22nd April, 1861.

H. RAVSON.

Witnesses:

J. T. COOPER, C. SEBASTIAN SMITH.

